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白蝦種原保存與選拔育種

  • 日期:107-02-20
  • 計畫編號:107農科-9.3.2-水-A1(4)
  • 年度:2018
  • 領域:漁業科技研發
  • 主持人:楊明樺
  • 研究人員:楊生山、吳秉儒

本年度計畫目標為種蝦庫保種之不同選育系白蝦進行雜交育種,評估雜交優勢率及 經濟雜交組合。3個白蝦引進種原(S101、K103與CP106)經過逐代近親交配與成長選 育後,於今年進行全互交子代組合力檢定及雜種優勢率分析,結果在產量上以S101- F4作為母本親,及以S101-F4、CP106-F1作為父本親,可得到正向的一般組合力效應 。在雜交組合則分別以K103♀×CP106♂、CP106♀×K103♂與S101♀×K103♂在產量性 狀上有正向的特殊組合力效應。所有雜交組合均表現出雜種優勢率,其中以 K103♀×CP106♂子代在成長(g/w)、產量(kg/m2 )及存活率(%)表現上分別較商業品系 k106-F1高出6.9%、16.7%及7.5%,可作為經濟雜交量產時的親本選擇依據,亦可保 存作為良種。未來的育種工作除了保有種原持續近親純化與成長選育外,本年度所 產生的6種單交組合亦可進行綜合雜交以創造更多優良雜交品系。

研究報告摘要(英)


The objective this year aims to cross-breed the different breeding lines of the shrimp gene bank and to evaluate the heterosis and economic hybridization combination. Three white shrimp germplasm (S101, K103, and CP106) were introduced and with inbreeding and growth trait selective breeding for 1 to 4 generations. The 3 × 3 diallel analysis was conducted to test the combining ability and heterosis. The general combined ability of yield trait was a positive value when S101-F4 as female and S101-F4, CP106-F1 as male broodstock. In the hybrid combination, K103♀×CP106♂, CP106♀×K103♂, and S101♀×K103♂ have a positive special combined ability on the yield trait. All hybrid combinations showed heterosis rate, among which K103♀×CP106 ♂hybrid offspring was higher in growth (g/w), yield (kg/m2 ) and survival rate (%) than commercial line k106-F1 with 6.9%, 16.7%, and 7.5%, respectively. This hybrid line can be used as a basis for selection of parents in economic hybrid production, and can also be preserved as good varieties. The future work in addition to maintaining the original inbreeding purification and growth selection, the six hybrid combinations produced this year can also be combined to create more excellent hybrid lines.