In this study, length-frequency and sex ratio (proportion of females) of dolphinfish were analyzed based on 97,211 (60,858 were females and 36,353 were males) samples measured in Shingkang fish market during 2003 to 2021, and catch compositions of dolphinfish longline fishery were also explored based on the catch records collected from Shingkang fish market during 2017 to 2021. There were significant differences in the length and sex ratio of the catches in the two seasons, with the length of the catch in summer being significantly greater than that in winter. However, there are two recruitment to eastern waters of Taiwan from July to August and October to December. The sex ratio shows that females are dominant, with a total ratio of 0.62. The proportion of male becomes higher than females when body length increased. The 82.2% of the catch dolphinfish for dolphinfish longline, the by-catch are only 17.8%, and the monthly by-catch shows that the between 8.4-35.6%. The dolphinfish longline vessel option area distribution off Singang waters of months, but gradually move north to Hualien coastal waters in winter. Based on the 5 to 30 days records of pop-up satellite archival tag (PSATs) attached on the dolphinfish in the southeastern Taiwan waters, Kagoshima Bay and northern waters of Nagasaki, Japan, obvious daily vertical patterns were observed for dolphinfish in all areas and indicated that dolphinfish spent more than 50% of their time staying the surface waters of the depth less than 50 m and dove deeper and for longer durations during nighttime. The outcomes related to the spatial-temporal distribution of the fishing ground and horizontal and vertical movement behavior of this study obtained through the fishery-dependent and fishery-independent data can provide scientific information for future fisheries management and analysis of population dynamics for dolphinfish.