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淡水魚介類之繁殖及其生理生態之研究

  • 日期:93-06-18
  • 年度:2003
  • 領域:漁業領域
  • 主持人:劉富光

以人工催熟方式誘導日本鰻自然產卵,嘗試培育受精卵所孵出之仔鰻。另外,探討孵出仔鰻經馴化後,適應淡水環境之可能性,也許可以提升仔鰻之活存率與活存日數。究明不同劑量之甲狀腺素對種鰻產卵、受精卵孵化暨鰻苗發育之影響。由於鰻魚真正的產卵生態仍停留於推論階段,故有必要探討鰻魚在不同生活史時期之基礎生理以作為從事人工繁殖時環境條件設定之參考,本年度擬探討鰻魚在不同生活環境及生長時期之滲透壓變化以建立日後重視之參考資料。從銀鱸的成長結果,探討飼料中合適的發酵蛋白添加量,並分析其對魚體組織胺基酸組成之影響;評估醱酵蛋白在銀鱸飼料中的合適添加量;瞭解以各替代蛋白飼料餵飼銀鱸對魚體成長及排氨量之影響;探討不同飼料對血液、肝臟及肌肉的游離胺基酸組成之影響;研究飼料中添加胺基酸對銀鱸成長的效果;進行魚體化學成分分析,以了解飼料組成對魚體組成分的影響。隨著養殖技術發展及土地成的日益增高,集約化養殖的放養密度也大幅提高,但過高的放養密度可能會造成池魚的緊迫、免疫力降低及成長遲緩。本試驗探討史氏鱘由稚魚至養成期各階段的放養密度,經由成長測定及水質分析,可瞭解不同成長階段的最適放養密度,以減少池魚可能發生的緊迫,進而提高其飼料效率及成長速率,以期獲得最佳養殖效益。溪哥魚屬雜食性淡水魚,在河川中為愛好溪釣者之對象魚種,其肉質鮮嫩味美,深受歡迎,且溪哥魚體成銀白色,體側有十餘條不規則的藍綠色光澤的橫紋,極具觀賞價值,可發展成為本土性觀賞魚種,因此溪哥魚可成為新興的養殖魚種;為解決養殖所須之魚苗瓶頸,研擬人工大量繁養殖技術開發是刻不容緩的。

研究報告摘要(英)


Japanese eels(Anguilla japonica)are induced to maturation and spontaneous spawning,the hatched larvae are tried to rearing. Besides, the larvae are adapted to fit thefreshwater environment, maybe in this way, the survival rate and survival record of datecan be elevated.It is now known that thyroid hormones can be transferred into eggs and larvae, suggestthyroid hormones may play an important role during early larval development of fish.Attempts to the eel fry has extremely heavy mortalities occurring during the 2 or 3 dayfrom hatching and just can servival a few days . The aim of this study is to investigatethe effects of thyroxine on egg hatching and larval development in Japanese eel.Artifical reproduction of Japanese eels has been attempted for a long time.Severalresearch groups succeeded in inducing spawning of the eel by repeated gonadotropintreatment ,but can not obtain eel larvae successfully. The osmolarity changes of theJapanese eel in different life stage is to be investigated. To set the suitable environmental condition for artifical reproduction of the eels.The aim of this study is to investigate the suitable inclusion of fermented soy protein inthe diet for silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus. The utilization of dietary crystalline aminoacids, especially methionine, by silver perch is also to be investigated in this study.Furthermore, the influence of dietary amino acid pattern on amino acid pool of fish willbe determined after the termination of growth trial.In intensive rearing system, increasing fish stocking density is one way to optimizeproductivity. However, high rearing density is also a potential source of stress that mayconstrain fish growing capacity. The influence of stocking density on the growth ofAmur river sturgeon Acipenser schrenckii will be investigated in this study. Differnentgrowth stage of juvenile sturgeon will be reared in concret ponds with three stockingdensity. According to the results of growth trials and changes of water quality, theoptimal stocking density for culturing Amur river sturgeon will be recommended.Zacco spp. is an endemic freshwater fish that widely distributs in the mountain streamsof Taiwan. Zacco are major fishing-sport fish in the river and it will develop a endemicornamental fish. Fang et al.(1993) reported that there was a marked difference inbreeding season between Zacco fish in Taiwan and Japan. In this study, the inducementof oocyte maturation and ovulation with different hormones and doses, natural matingbehavior and recuitment of juvenile fish will be investigated.