The hard clam is an important aquaculture practice in Taiwan. However, in recent years, due to the deterioration of culture environment, the decline of hard clam germplsm resources and the reduction of resistance to stress, the cultured hard clam has led to slow growth, small body size and local or large-scale death phenomenon. It is an urgent task in hard clam culture to improve the survival rate and tolerance of the culture environment. The purpose of this study is to: (1) Establish a method for identifying hard clam variety, in order to facilitate the subsequent conservation and breeding work, and contribute to the cultivation of fast-growing, stress-resistant species. (2) Establish a rapid assessment method for stress-tolerance and immunity in hard clam to explore the effects of environmental factors on hard clam immunity.
Flow cytometry was used to detect the impact of temperature and salinity on the immunity of clams. The results showed that the mortality of blood cells increased at high temperature (38°C) and low temperature (18°C) for 48 hours. Phagocytic capacities and xoidative metabolism of hemocytes decreased at the extreme temperature and low salinity. However, no clams died in the experiment, but the high temperature (38°C), low temperature (18°C) and low salinity stress could stimulate the relevant immune activity of the hard clam.