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文蛤免疫力因子之研究

  • 日期:110-08-02
  • 計畫編號:109農科-9.5.5-水-A4
  • 年度:2020
  • 領域:漁業科技研發
  • 主持人:張素容
  • 研究人員:葉信利、邱靜山、邱英哲、鄭鴻輝

文蛤是臺灣養殖重要物種,但自1967年起即發生不明原因大量死,可能原因包括溫 度、強降雨、環境汙染和疾病等,至今尚未有定論。而許多報導都顯示文蛤養殖池 添加益生菌,可增加其養殖成功的機率。因此,本計畫研究文蛤血球相,以及季節 變化和飢餓對文蛤血球相 (hemogram) 之影響,期能協助了解環境和益生菌對文蛤 免疫力的影響。本研究自2月到10月,每個月採集30顆文蛤進行血球相分析,以探討 季節變化對文蛤血球相之影響。整理9個月年中每個月文蛤血球數的平均值,並比對 同時期水溫、鹽度、pH和溶氧的變化情形,發現文蛤血球數和季節變化並沒有直接 關聯。此外文蛤血球細胞的組成的LEG、SEG、H與BLC也沒有季節的規則性 (seasonal pattern)。而文蛤在經30天長期飢餓後,血球數略低於對照組,而血球 組成中SEG減少、LEG則顯著增加。

研究報告摘要(英)


The hard clam (Meretrix lusoria) is a common and important bivalve species, cultivated along the southwest coast of the island of Taiwan. However, the hard clam has suffered high mortality each spring and summer since 1969 . Possible causes have been suggested, such fluctuating temperature, sudden change of salinity after heavy rainfall, industrial pollution, pesticide pollution and infectious shellfish diseases, but the exact cause remains unknown. However, many reports shows that applicaion of probiotics could increase the growth rate of hard clam. The aim of this work is to establish the characteristics of the hemogram and study the effects of seasonal variations, starving and feeding photosynthetic bacteria on hemogram of the cultured hard clam in Taiwan. This investigation is valuable in increasing understanding of the effect of the environment and probioiucs on the health of the hard clam. An annual change on hemograms due to seasonal variations  was monitored monthly from February to October. Even though individual hemogram variation was found, after integrating 9 months of results and referring to the monthly record of environmental variations, no seasonal variation of the hemogram in relation to water temperature, salinity and pH was concluded. After starvation for 30 days, hard clams were found with hemocyte numbers lowered and proportions of SEGs reduced. Conversely, LEGs had increased markedly.