This project selects common catches (mackerel, whitefish, and talipi) during school lunch and milkfish that are expected to be implemented by the three chapter one Q policy for determination. Four quality indicators for the fresh state (VBN value is between 10.19~17.60mg/100g; TBA value is between 0.42~0.71mg/kg; Histamine value is between 0.71~6.02ppm; K value is between 3.18~12.2%; Torrymeter value is between 9.30~14.24), indicating that the quality of the catch is in good condition. With the storage process, the VBN and K values have an upward trend, while the Torrymeter value has a downward trend. In addition, using near-infrared light (NIR) detection technology combined with quality index values, we can know the standard correlation coefficient of each quality (VBN is between 0.51 and 0.94; TBA is between 0.62 and 0.87; Histamine is between 0.32 and 0.83 The value of K is between 0.70~0.93; the value of Torrymeter is between 0.80~0.97), indicating the potential to use this method to measure and analyze the quality of the catch. In addition, according to the results of Matlab, with VBN 25mg/100g as the boundary, a good recognition rate (81%) can be obtained.