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水溫對銀鱸 Bidyanus bidyanus 稚魚成長之影響

  • 出版日期:84-06-01
  • 標題title(英):
    The Effect of Temperature on Growth of Juvenile Silver Perch Bidyanus bidyanus
  • 作者:楊順德, 黃德威, 劉富光, 廖一久
  • 作者auther(英):Yang, S. D., D. U. Huang, F. G. Liu and I C. Liao
  • 卷別:3
  • 期別:1
  • 頁碼:19-30

本試驗探討水溫與銀鱸 Bidyanus bidyanus 稚魚之成長及生理代謝的關係。試驗分為18、23 及 28℃ 三組,每組二重複,利用水容量 2.5 噸之溫控過濾循環式水族箱,各收容60 尾體重約 4.5 g 之稚魚,每日以任食方法投餵市售人工浮性飼料三次。三個月的成長試驗結果顯示,平均攝餌量和增重率在三個處理組間有顯著差異,以 28℃ 組最高,23℃ 組次之,18℃ 組最低。在飼料效率和肥滿度方面,18℃ 組較 28℃ 組低,而 23℃ 組則介於其間。分析魚體肌肉粗成分發現,28℃ 組的水分含量顯著低於其它兩組,至於脂質和灰分含量則與水分呈相反趨勢。試驗魚對飼料的蛋白質效率、蛋白質蓄積率及脂質蓄積率,均隨水溫的上升而增高,顯示水溫會影響銀鱸稚魚對蛋白質和脂質的生成與利用。每一處理組選取重約 11.0 g 的魚10 尾,飢餓兩天後任食一餐,以進行排氨量測定,結果得知飼育水溫愈高則排氨率也愈高,水溫影響攝餌量並進而影響其排氨率的高低;另外,排氨率達第一次高峰的時間在餵食後的4 小時內,第二次達高峰的時間在 28℃ 組為攝食後12 小時,23 及 18℃ 組則為攝食後16 小時,顯示飼育水溫會影響銀鱸稚魚排氨速率的快慢。

摘要abstract(英)


The main purpose of this study was to understand the effects of temperature on the growth and ammonia-N excretion rate (mg ammonia/100 g body weight/h) of juvenile silver perch Bidyanus bidyanus reared at 18, 23, and 28℃, respectively, for 12 weeks. The average feed intake/fish and percent weight gain were increased with the elevated temperature, and there was significant difference among treatments. Furthermore, feed efficiency and condition factor of the fish reared at 18℃ were remarkedly inferior to those reared at 28℃. Muscle moisture of the fish reared at 28℃ was significantly lower than those of other treatments, however, lipid and ash contents were observed to have the opposite tendency. On the other hand, protein efficiency, percent protein retention and percent lipid retention increased with the elevation of temperature. It indicated that water temperature affects fish on feed intake, and consequently, the metabolism of protein and lipid.
Ten fish (about 11.0 g) of each treatment were starved for 48 h and then fed to satiation for the study of temperatural effect on ammonia-N excretion rate. The result of ammonia-N excretion rates of fish were higher at the higher temperatures and decreased with lower temperatures. Moreover, ammonia-N excretion of all treatments rose to a sharp peak during the first 4 h after feeding. The second peak of excretion for fish reared at 28 and 23℃(or 18℃) was found at 12 and 16 h after feeding, respectively