農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網

本研究的目的為探討文蛤 (Meretrix lusoria) 不同種類的血球在防禦機制中所扮演的角色，並建立其細胞免疫參數。文蛤兩種顆粒球與透明球都呈 periodic acid-Schiff 陽性反應，所有血球細胞都不帶 Sudan black B 陽性顆粒。在八種水解酶的染色，四種呈陽性反應，其中 acid phosphatase、β-glucuronidase 和 naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase 等三種酵素存在於文蛤的顆粒球內；α-naphthyl butyrate esterase 則存在透明球中。98% 血球呈現 peroxidase 的陽性反應；37% 血球具有 phenoloxidase，但無法判定為何種血球所帶有。評估血球免疫反應，可觀察到血球的胞飲作用、吞噬作用，並可產生超氧陰離子來對抗外來物。其中，顆粒球攝取 neutral red 較為活躍，兩種顆粒球和透明球皆可吞噬螢光乳珠和 zymosan，但以嗜伊紅性小顆粒球吞噬能力較強。

This study examined the role of hard clam (Meretrix lusoria) hemocytes in the immune defense mechanism, and sought to establish the hemato-immunological parameters. In cytochemical staining, two types of granulocytes (large and small eosinophilic granulocytes) and the hyalinocyte exhibited the periodic acid-Schiff positive reaction for polysaccharides, and all four types of hemocytes contained no granule with a Sudan black B positive signal. Acid phosphatase, β-glucuronidase, and naphthol AS-D chloroacetate esterase activity was found in the granulocytes, while only α-naphthyl butyrate esterase activity was found in hyalinocytes. 98% of the hemocytes tested positive for peroxidase activity. Approximately 37% of the cells exhibited a positive reaction for phenoloxidase, but which type of hemocyte the enzyme was located in was uncertain. In immunological assays, pinocytosis, phagocytosis and superoxide anion generation of the hemocytes were observed. The granulocytes have more activity than hyalinocytes in the uptake of neutral red. While the granulocytes and hyalinocytes were able to phagocytose fluorescent latex beads and zymosan particles, small eosinophilic granulocyte had a stronger phagocytic ability.