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臺灣東部海域翻車魨科種類、數量與體長的季節性變動研究

  • 出版日期:107-06-30
  • 標題title(英):
    Seasonal Variations of Species, Abundance and Size Composition of Molidae in Eastern Taiwan
  • 作者:張景淳‧茬家續‧張永州‧江偉全‧蔡富元‧許紅虹‧吳瑞賢‧何源興
  • 作者auther(英):Ching-Tsun Chang, Chia-Hsu Chih, Yung-Chou Chang, Wei-Chuan Chiang, Fu-Yuan Tsai, Hung-Hung Hsu, Jui-Hsien Wu and Yuan-Hsing Ho
  • 卷別:26
  • 期別:1
  • 頁碼:27-42

翻車魨為現生最大的真骨魚類,廣泛分布於溫帶與熱帶海域。翻車魨為混獲魚種,臺灣東部海域捕獲翻車魨包含有延繩釣、鏢旗魚、流刺網與定置網等漁法。捕獲量高且年間漁獲量變異劇烈,然而有關翻車魨的生態與族群特徵研究幾乎完全闕如。本研究探討臺灣東部海域翻車魨漁獲種類組成、數量及體長頻度的變動情形,並探討其漁獲量變動與海面水溫間的關係。根據2016年1月至2017年11月台東新港地區延繩釣與2003年1月至2011年12月花蓮六組定置漁網之翻車魨漁獲資料顯示,臺灣翻車魨種類組成主要為矛尾翻車魨 (Masturus lanceolatus) 與翻車魨屬 (Mola spp.) 魚種,組成比例約為 4:1。翻車魨數量、平均體長與體長組成有明顯的季節性變動,數量在水溫較低時達到高峰。小個體翻車魨主要出現在冬季,其數量在夏季明顯減少,而體型較大的翻車魨組成百分比在夏季偏高。此外,矛尾翻車魨的數量在冬季與春末夏初有增加的趨勢,主要在海水溫度高於20 °C 的水溫環境中被漁獲。本研究結果顯示臺灣翻車魨的數量與族群結構有明顯的季節性變動,而此變動情形可能與海面水溫和翻車魨的行為及生活史特徵有關。

摘要abstract(英)


Sunfishes (Molidae) comprise the largest bony fishes inhabiting the epipelagic to mesopelagic realms in tropical and temperate ocean regions. Sunfishes are principally bycatch species captured by longline, harpoon, drift net, and set net fisheries in eastern Taiwan. To fill in some of the necessary gaps in the knowledge of sunfishes for local fisheries management, we investigated variability in species composition, abundance, size composition, and the possible correlations of these phenomena with sea surface temperature (SST) in eastern Taiwan. Fishery data regarding sunfishes was collected from Shingang fish market, Taitung, from January 2016 to October 2017, and from the set-net complex, Hualien, from January 2003 to December 2011. The species comprised Masturus lanceolatus (80%) followed by Mola spp. (20%). The species abundance, average standard length, and size composition exhibited seasonal variability, with the abundance reaching a peak in winter when the SST was low. Small, immature individuals first appeared in winter, and then the number of fish caught decreased sharply in summer while the proportions of the largest individuals were highest in summer. The catch number of Masturus lanceolatus was highest in winter and late spring/early summer, and it was caught mainly at water temperatures above 20 °C. Variability in the catch data, a proxy of population dynamics, appeared to be closely associated with water temperature, the life history traits of the fish, and their migratory behavior.