農業部水產試驗所全球資訊網

溫度變動所造成的環境緊迫經常是影響貝類行為改變及存活的重要因子，本研究探討大和黑蜆 (Corbicula japonica) 在溫度變動下的潛沙能力、潛沙行為變化及死亡率。本實驗分成三部分：(1) 潛沙能力：觀察大和黑蜆在不同溫度時，於底沙表面下潛幅度達一半的潛沙能力；(2) 潛沙行為：觀察高溫時大和黑蜆在底沙中的潛沙變化；(3) 溫度回復觀察：經潛沙行為的高溫暴露後，溫度降至25℃ 時，大和黑蜆之死亡率及對其潛沙能力的影響。結果顯示，大和黑蜆潛沙能力在22℃ 及28℃暴露12小時後顯著高於低溫 (12℃、16℃) 和高溫 (32℃、38℃ 及40℃) 組，並高於50% 的潛沙率，其中32℃ 的潛沙率隨著時間增加顯著提高，在暴露48小時後達50% 的潛沙率。有關潛沙行為部分，發現溫度越高隨著時間的延長，大和黑蜆逐漸往底沙表面移動，因此降低其潛沙百分比。不管在潛沙能力、潛沙行為及溫度回復觀察試驗中的死亡率部分，發現在高溫39℃ 組的死亡率顯著地高於其他處理組。

摘要abstract(英) Temperature fluctuations play an important role in the behavior and survival of brackish water bivalves. This study evaluated three parameters: (1) The digging ability of Corbicula japonica at different temperatures; (2) their burrowing behavior inside the sediment at high temperatures; (3) their behaviors at 25°C, focused on their digging ability and mortality after high-temperature exposure. The digging abilities of C. japonica after 12 hours of exposure at 22℃ and 28℃ were significantly higher (by at least 50%) than those at lower temperatures (12 and 16℃) or higher temperatures (32, 38, and 40℃). In addition, the digging ability of the group exposed to 32℃ increased significantly with time, resulting in more than 50% digging ability after 48 hours of exposure. On the other hand, as the temperature increased, C. japonica gradually moved to the surface of the sediment, lowering its digging ability. The rate of mortality of the group exposed at 39℃ was significantly higher than that of other temperature treatments.