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文蛤養殖技術改進及效益評估之研究

  • 日期:98-04-21
  • 計畫編號:中文:98農科-10.3.1-水-A6(3)
  • 年度:2009
  • 主持人:周昱翰
  • 研究人員:郭仁杰、林益州、何雲達

為了解人為擾動底土、紫色光合細菌、高錳酸鉀、高溫煅燒之牡蠣殼對文蛤養成的效果,將試驗處理分為A組不作任何處理(對照組),B組人為擾動底土,C組使用紫色光合細菌15ppm,D組使用氧化劑高錳酸鉀2ppm,E組使用高溫煅燒之牡蠣殼粉20ppm,每組三重覆。經過60天的飼育,各處理組文蛤的增重、肥滿度及飼料轉換係數有顯著的差異存在,以C組及E組最好。池水pH因E組牡蠣殼粉造成池水pH顯著高於其他四組。各處理組的氨-氮及亞硝酸-氮澴度明顯低於對照組,其中以添加光合細菌(C組)對氨-氮及亞硝酸-氮去除效果顯著。各處理組底土的氧化還原電位有顯著的差異存在,以C組及E組最好。各處理組底土的溶解性氨-氮及硫化物也有顯著的差異,以C組、D組及E組明顯低於對照組。本試驗的結果發現有添加光合菌或牡蠣殼粉的試驗組可促進文蛤成長及改善池塘的底土環境。本試驗綜合生產效率與經濟效率皆以添加紫色光合細菌處理組最佳,人為擾動底土處理組最差。技術創新與技術創新成本可用於解釋本試驗之生產函數產出效果,但因屬遞減報酬規模,故需再針對創新技術與成本尋求更適切的模式。另,真空包裝文蛤儲藏溫度以6-9 ℃較佳,即使在17-19 ℃保存條件下,亦可維持約12天的生鮮文蛤品質,有利於採用船運外銷的運輸方式。而經重量分級機組處理後之文蛤,體型差異小,有利於優質品價格提升。

研究報告摘要(英)


In order to understand the effect of man-made disturbances of soil, purple photosynthetic bacteria, potassium permanganate and high-temperature calcinations of the oyster-shell on clam cultivation. The treatments will be divided into A group without any treatment (control group), B group of man-made disturbances of soil, C group the use of purple photosynthetic bacteria 15ppm, D group using the oxidant potassium permanganate 2ppm, E Group used the high-temperature calcinations of the oyster shell powder 20ppm, each group of triplicate . After 60 days of rearing, the treatment group clam's weight gain, fatness and feed conversion factors have significant differences exist, to C group and E group of the best. E Group which using oyster shell powder caused by pond water pH significantly higher than the other four groups. The treatment groups of ammonia - nitrogen and nitrite - nitrogen was significantly lower than the control group, in which to add the photosynthetic bacteria (C) of the ammonia - nitrogen and nitrite - nitrogen removal efficiency significantly. Each treatment group has existence of significant differences at redo potential of soil, to C group and E group of the best. Each treatment group of the solubility soil ammonia - nitrogen and sulfur are also significant differences that C group, D group and E group were significantly lower than the control group. The results of this study were found to add photosynthetic bacteria, or oyster-shell powder in the test group can promote growth of hard clam and improve the pond bottom soil environment. This experimental production efficiency and the economic efficiency all increase the purple photosynthesis bacterium treatment group to be best, the artificial perturbation subsoil treatment group is worst. The technological innovation and the technological innovation cost may use in explaining that of production function this experiment delivers the effect, but because is the decreasing return scale, must therefore aim at the innovation technology and the cost again seeks a more appropriate pattern. In addition, vacuum packing clam preserve temperature by 6-9 ℃ good, even if under 17-19 ℃ preserved conditions, may also maintain approximately 12 day-long to live the fresh clam quality, is advantageous in uses the ship transport for sale abroad the transport mode. The hard clam after the weight graduation, the size difference is small, is advantageous to the high quality price promotion.