This study investigated the fishing and oceanographic conditions of tuna resource around waters off Taiwan form January 2006 to August 2010, for understanding the influence of marine environmental fluctuation on the tuna resource. The sea surface temperature changed between 24 and 31 degree in the waters off the southeastern Taiwan. The exponential functions of length-weight relationship of Albacore, bigeye tuna, yellowfin tuna and bluefin tuna were WT=9.972x10-5xFL2.636、WT=6.821 x10-5xFL2.730、WT=3.190 x10-5xFL2.877及WT=2.9816 x10-5xFL2.895, respectively. The fork length of albacore landing in Nanfangao showed decreasing gradually year by year, while bluefin tuna showed just the opposite. And there had no significant variance trade in the fork length of bigeye tuna. And the yellowfin tuna landing from May to July 2010 showed 5cm minor in contrast to the previous four years. The major fishing season of albacore and bigeye tuna were in the spring and winter, while yellowfin tuna was in summer, and they with higher catch when the 3-months running-average of the SST anomaly was negative in their major fishing season. Bluefin tuna could be caught mainly from May to June, and with half catches of the previous two years and not obviously related to the variance of the SST anomaly.