This study surveyed the hydrological environment and biological sample using vessel of Fishery Research II in the waters of south-western Taiwan during 25-27 August and 24-26 September, 2014. Besides, we schedule a cruise for 14-20 November, 2014 in the waters of north-eastern Taiwan and coast of I-Lan Bay. The study of Penghu was divided into two parts. One sampled eels from seller in 11, 26 December, 2013 and 20 January, 2014. The other collected eels in the Cheng-Kung Bay, using a set-net in 13, 23, 24 December, 2013 and 13, 22 January and 5, 17 February, 2014.
Hydrological environment displayed that the Kuroshio intruded into southern Taiwan in August with high temperature and effected by Kuroshio branch water in September. A total of 39 leptocephali collected from 33 stations were belonging to 9 families consist of Anguillid, Chlopsid, Congrid, Muraenid, Nemichthyid, Nettastomatid, Ophichthid, Serrivomerid and Synaphobranchid. Among them, Congrid collected the most. It's important to note that Anguilla marmorata (Anguillid specie) was collected. It will be helpful for future research due to the similarities of spawning grounds and habits between A. japonica and A. marmorata.
Eel fishing in Penghu was to concentrate them at the dock and catch since 8 December, 2013 to 9 February, 2014. Eel of Cheng-Kung Bay was discovered since early December to February. Eel resource was abundant in late December and decreasing since January. In addition, the survey found four eel species of Penghu, including Anguilla japonica, A. celebesensis, A. marmorata and A. luzonensis.