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銀塔鐘螺的誘發產卵及胚發育

  • 出版日期:93-06-30
  • 標題title(英):
    Induced Spawning and Embryonic Development of the Top Shell, Tectus pyramis
  • 作者:林金榮‧陳東本‧黃丁士‧蔡萬生
  • 作者auther(英):K.J. Lin, T.P. Chen, T.S. Huang and W.S. Tsai
  • 卷別:12
  • 期別:1
  • 頁碼:49-60

銀塔鐘螺是澎湖海域高經濟價值的食用貝類之一,然而近年來由於過度捕撈利用,資源量急遽減少。因此,本研究旨在建立人工誘發產卵技術,以奠定種苗大量生產及養殖技術之基礎,進而達到資源復育之目的。本研究採用澎湖海域捕獲之種螺,以溫度刺激、乾出刺激及乾出與溫度合併刺激等三種方法探討誘發產卵之效果。試驗結果顯示,三種方法對於誘發產卵均有顯著效果,但合併刺激法並沒有加成作用。受精卵為分離沉性卵,卵徑252.0 ± 4.8 µm,呈綠色;孵化水溫 27.1 ℃,40 min 時行第一次分裂,縱向對等分裂成二細胞;60 min 時行第二次分裂,縱向對等分裂成四細胞;1 h 20 min 時行第三次分裂,橫向分裂成八細胞,植物極四個,細胞較大,呈白色;動物極四個,較小呈綠色;爾後動、植物極細胞各自對等分裂;3 h 10 min 時發育至原腸期,4 h 50 min 口前纖毛出現;8 h 40 min 孵化成擔輪子幼生;17 h 40 min 外殼完全成形,進入被面子期,35 h 著底變態成匍匐幼生。

摘要abstract(英)


The top shell, Tectus pyramis, is one of the most heavily exploited marine gastropods in the Penghu area, Taiwan. Experiments on induced spawning of this species were conducted in this study to establish a technique for mass seed production and stock enhancement. Mature shells were collected from the Penghu area. The effects of temperature, desiccation, and their combination on induction of spawning were studied. Results showed that the 3 methods were significantly effective at induced spawning. The combined method had no significant extra effect as compared to the other 2 methods. Fertilized eggs of the top shell are granular, spherical, green, and demersal, with a mean diameter of 252.0 ± 4.8 µm. The first cleavage occurred at about 40 min after fertilization at a water temperature of 27.1 °C. The second cleavage occurred at 60 min, and the third cleavage occurred at 80 min after fertilization. In the third cleavage, there were 4 bigger, white cells at the vegetable pole, whereas there were 4 small, green cells at the animal pole. The cells in both the vegetable and animal poles individually symmetrically cleaved. Prototrochal cilia appeared at 4 h and 50 min, and the trochophore stage developed at 8 h and 40 min. The formation of the larval shell in the veliger stage was at 17 h and 40 min. Metamorphosis to become a crawling larva occurred at 35 h.