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在動物模型或人類中，極性葉黃素（如蝦青素，岩藻黃質和虹吸黃質）通常存 在於水生生物中，已被證明具有有益的生物活性。虹吸黃質是一種海洋類胡蘿蔔素 ，是葉黃素的一種氧化代謝產物，具有與葉黃素相似的結構，除了一個位於C-8的酮 基和一個位於C-19的羥基。虹吸黃質是在綠藻中發現的一種特殊的葉黃素，例如長 莖葡萄蕨藻，刺松藻和長松藻。虹吸黃質已顯示具有幾種潛在的生物活性。體外虹 吸黃嘌呤能有效抑制血管內皮細胞的血管生成，並誘導人白血病（HL-60）細胞凋亡 。另外，虹吸黃質可以在體外調節炎症反應並抑制晚期糖基化終產物誘導的炎症反 應。特別地，我們集中於虹吸黃質對脂質代謝的調節作用。在體外，我們觀察到虹 吸黃質在3T3-L1細胞和肝細胞中均能有效抑制脂肪生成。在體內，虹吸黃質已顯示 出對肥胖小鼠脂質蓄積的抑制作用。多醣是長松藻的主要有效成分。藻類抗凝多醣 主要從紅色和棕色藻類中分離出來，而從綠色藻類中分離較少。 關於藻類多醣的抗 血管生成作用，顯示來自褐藻的岩藻聚醣和硫酸化海帶具有抗血管生成活性。另一 方面，很少報導來自綠藻的抗血管生成多醣。Matsubara 2001年在實驗中從長松藻 中分離出的硫酸半乳聚醣，有明顯的抗血管生成活性。血管生成還涉及多種病理狀 況，包括腫瘤生長和轉移，動脈粥樣硬化和糖尿病性視網膜病。抑制血管生成可抑 制腫瘤的生長和轉移。因此，抗血管生成劑將可用於治療並且引起了相當大的關注 。在抗血管生成劑中，硫酸化多醣是有效的抑制劑之一，海藻硫酸化多醣是作為抗 凝劑的有效來源。近幾年在澎湖地區出現了為數不少的長松藻，文獻指出長松藻具 有抗凝血活性物質，本中心目前已著手進行長松藻養殖，可進行活性物質的萃取與 分析研究。利用長松藻特殊之活性物質，可運用於食品天然抗氧化劑、抗菌劑、製 藥及化妝品工業等，值得後續研究開發。

Polar xanthophylls, such as astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, and siphonaxanthin, which are generally present in aquatic organisms, have been shown to possess beneficial bioactivity in animal models or humans. Siphonaxanthin is a marine carotenoid and an oxidative metabolite of lutein, possessing a structure similar to lutein, except for one keto group located at C-8 and an extra hydroxyl group at C-19. Siphonaxanthin is a special xanthophyll found in green algae, such as Caulerpa lentillifera, Codium fragile, and Codium cylindricum. Siphonaxanthin has been shown to possess several potential bioactivities. In vitro siphonaxanthin potently inhibits angiogenesis in vascular endothelial cells and induces apoptosis in human leukemia (HL-60) cells. Additionally, siphonaxanthin can modulate inflammatory responses and suppress advanced glycation end product-induced inflammatory responses in vitro. In particular, we have focused on the regulatory effect of siphonaxanthin on lipid metabolism. In vitro, we have observed that siphonaxanthin powerfully inhibits lipogenesis both in 3T3-L1 cells and hepatocytes. In vivo, siphonaxanthin has shown inhibitory effects on lipid accumulation in obese mice. Polysaccharides are the main effective constituents of Codium cylindricum Holmes. Algal anticoagulant polysaccharides have been isolated mainly from red and brown algae, and fewer from green algae. Concerning the antiangiogenic effect of algal polysaccharides, it has been shown that fucoidan and sulfated laminarin from brown algae have antiangiogenic activity. On the other hand, a few antiangiogenic polysaccharides from green algae were reported. Antiangiogenic activity of a sulfated galactan isolated from the marine green alga, Codium cylindricum (Matsubara et al. 2001) has been evident in this experiment. Angiogenesis is involved in several pathological conditions, including tumor growth and metastasis, atherosclerosis and diabetic retinopathy. Inhibition of angiogenesis suppresses tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, antiangiogenic agents would be applicable for therapy and have attracted considerable attention. Among the antiangiogenic agents, sulfated polysaccharides are one of potent inhibitors. Marine algae are useful resources of sulfated polysaccharides, many of which are known as anticoagulants. A large quantity of Codium cylindricum appeared in Penghu in recent years and some references indicated that it contains anticoagulant material. Our research center initiated into Codium cylindricum aquaculture now and is able to do the extract and analysis researches on its activity material. The special activity material of Codium cylindricum is worth being ultilized on developing natural antioxidant, antibacterial agent, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry.