農業部水產試驗所全球資訊網

以九孔 (Haliotis diversicolor) 的粒線體細胞色素c氧化酶次單元基因 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, COI) 之部分基因序列，探討澎湖 (P) (20個樣本) 與花蓮 (H) (11個樣本) 2個臺灣野生群體和大阪 (N) (20個樣本)、福岡 (M) (18個樣本)、靜岡 (JO) (46個樣本) 及沖繩 (D) (38個樣本)等 4個日本野生群體的遺傳變異。選殖之COI的部分基因序列為835 ~ 838個鹼基對 (base pairs, bp)，合計153個樣本進行軟體比對分析後，存有113種單倍型 (haplotype)，其中臺灣野生群，P有19型、H有11型；日本野生群，N有19型、M有18型、D有38型、JO有33型。2個臺灣野生群體，P及H的變異位點 (variable sites) 為3.95% 及4.78%，低於日本的N、M、JO及D群 (分別為6.71%、19.59%、11.69% 及30.06%)。核苷酸多樣性 (nucleotide diversity, θπ) 指數分別為0.0051 (P)、0.0093 (N)、0.0101 (JO)、0.0123 (H)、0.0312 (M) 和0.0816 (D)。分析結果顯示，臺灣的群體遺傳變異明顯低於日本群體，表示臺灣野生九孔的遺傳變異正處於下降狀態。

摘要abstract(英) The mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene (COI) was partially sequenced in specimens of the wild-type small abalone, Haliotis diversicolor, from Taiwan and Japan. There were a total of six wild-type populations with 153 individuals. Two populations from Taiwan, including 20 P (Penghu) and 11 H (Hualien), and 4 populations from Japan, including 20 N (Osaka), 18 M (Fukuoka), 38 D (Okinawa) and 46 JO (Shizuoka), were analyzed. The partial DNA sequence analysis from 835~838 base pairs of the COI gene identified the following 113 haplotypes: 19 (P) and 11 (H) haplotypes from Taiwan and 19 (N), 18 (M), 38 (D) and 33 (JO) from Japan. The variable sites of the two Taiwanese populations (3.95% in P and 4.78% in H) were lower than the four Japanese populations (6.71% in N, 19.59% in M, 11.69% in JO and 30.06% in D). The nucleotide diversity indexes (θπ) were 0.0051 (P) and 0.0093 (N) from the Taiwanese populations and 0.0101 (JO), 0.0123 (H), 0.0312 (M) and 0.0816 (D) from the Japanese populations. The haplotype analysis showed that the wild-type small abalone population in Taiwan was significantly lower than the wild-type small abalone population in Japan, suggesting a decrease in the genetic variation of the Taiwanese wild-type population.