農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網

        2020（109）年3月~11月間，臺灣地區經濟魚蝦貝類養殖場進行現場調查與 病害檢查，調查區域包括臺中市（和平鄉）、南投縣（埔里鎮）、雲林縣（麥寮鄉 、口湖鄉）、嘉義縣（義竹鄉、布袋鄉、新塭鄉）、台南市（七股區、北門區）、 高雄市（林園、永安）、及屏東縣（潮州、林邊、新埤）、花蓮縣（壽豐鄉）、宜 蘭縣（員山鄉、蘇澳鎮）等，台中市及南投縣現場調查場次各為1次，以養殖鱘龍魚 及鱒魚為主，雲林縣現場調查場次為2次，調查養殖魚種為白鰻、白蝦、淡水長臂蝦 、吳郭魚、烏魚、文蛤、錦鯉等，嘉義縣現場調查場次為7次，主要水產養殖種類為 青斑魚苗、龍虎斑魚苗、沙蝦、白蝦、白蝦苗、蟳、虱目魚、嘉臘、七星鱸、金目 鱸、午仔魚等，台南市現場調查場次為7次，主要水產養殖種類為珍珠斑、吳郭魚、 紋石鯛、烏魚、白蝦、七星鱸、金目鱸、午仔魚、龍膽石斑、青斑魚苗、龍虎斑魚 苗等，高雄市現場調查場次為4次，主要水產養殖種類為紋石鯛、嘉臘、牙鮃、金目 鱸、午仔魚錦鯉等，屏東縣現場調查場次為5次，主要水產養殖種類為白鰻、金目鱸 、鱸鰻、三角魚、熱帶魚、觀賞蝦、金魚等，花蓮縣現場調查場次為2次，主要調查 養殖魚種為蜆、吳郭魚、銀鱸、鱘龍魚等，宜蘭縣現場調查場次為2次，主要調查養 殖魚種為吳郭魚、銀鱸、鱘龍魚、鱒魚、白蝦、鱘龍魚苗等。

       淡水養殖經濟魚類罹患寄生蟲病，種類包括車輪蟲Trichodina sp.、舌杯蟲 （Apiosoma sp.、Glossatella sp. 或Vorticella sp.）指環蟲Dactylogyrus sp.,擬指環蟲Pseudodactylogyrus sp.、三代蟲Gyrodactylogyrus sp.、卵圓鞭毛 蟲Oodinium sp.、魚虱Argulus sp.、針蟲Lernaea cyprinacea；淡水養殖經濟魚類 細菌性疾病的病原如嗜水性細菌Aeromonas hydrophila、弧菌Vibrio sp.、愛德華 氏病Edwardsiella tarda、 鏈球菌Streptococcus sp.、柱狀細菌或滑走細菌 flavabacteria columnaris（Cytophage columnaris、Flexibacter columnaris ），淡水養殖經濟魚類罹患黴菌病，包括水黴菌如Achlya屬及Saprolegnia屬、鰓黴 菌Branchiomyces sp.。

       Diseased pathogens on the pond-cultured economic aquatic animals were examined, including 8 area: Taichung City, Nantou County, Yunlin County, Chiayi County ,Tainan City, Kaohsiung City, pingtung County, Hualien County, Yulan County etc. in Taiwan.  Total times of invited-investigate to the aquatic animals cultured ponds were 59 times, were 1 time in Taichung City and in Nantou County, 3 times in  Yunlin County, times in Chiayi County, 8 times in Tainan City, 4 times in Kaohsiung City, 5 times in Pingtung County, 2 times in Hualien County, while 2 times in Yulan County.

       Pathogen of severe diseased occurred on pond-cultured fresh-water fish and marine fish in Taiwan were caused by 3 kinds diseases that as worse-water quality, parasitic diseases and bacterial diseases. Severe bacterial diseases of fresh-water fish were caused by Aeromonas hydrophila、Vibrio sp.、Edwardsiella tarda、 Streptococcus sp.、and flavabacteria columnaris infection. While infected to marine fish were Aeromonas hydrophila、Vibrio sp. Streptococcus sp.、Nocardia sp.、 flavabacteria columnaris.