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臺灣文蛤遺傳育種之研究

  • 日期:110-08-02
  • 計畫編號:109農科-9.5.3-水-A1(4)
  • 年度:2020
  • 領域:漁業科技研發
  • 主持人:杜金蓮
  • 研究人員:曾福生、朱惠真、曾亮瑋

    文蛤為臺灣重要之養殖物種,本試驗主要目的是建立文蛤之基因分型技術,於 確立體基因組萃取與處理流程後,進一步建立RAPD基因分型技術與後續分析方法。 在本研究試驗材料來自於臺灣不同區域(野生文蛤:馬祖、淡水河與龍門,養殖文蛤 :北門、基隆市場)收集之文蛤,共嘗試50組RAPD引子,經檢視其所擴增之條帶,擇 定其中6個逢機引子,共獲得93條擴增條帶,利用其中的 46個多型性條帶進行後續 之多型性分析。以非加權組平均法 (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean,UPGMA)進行群叢分析可將76個個體分做三群。於遺傳相似度達 0.56時,可將樣本區分為3個群,其一為馬祖及淡水河野生文蛤,另一小群為3顆馬 祖野生文蛤,最後一群則為市場隨機購得之文蛤、龍門文蛤與北門養殖之文蛤。進 一步以鄰接法分析(Neighbor-Joining,NJ)所得之無根圖,則可劃分為2大群,分 別為野生文蛤 (馬祖、龍門及淡水河) 及養殖文蛤 (市場文蛤及北門文蛤),目前所 建立之基因分型技術,可區分文蛤地理群,也可為將來育種提供選種參考,降低養 殖文蛤由於育種親本的親緣相近所可能造成的遺傳歧異度縮減的問題。

研究報告摘要(英)


    Hard clam is an important cultured species in Taiwan. The purpose of this research is to establish the genotyping technology of clams. To establish the genotyping method, we must make sure the genome extraction quality and the stable, repeatable RAPD genotyping technology. In this study, we collected clams from different regions of Taiwan (Wild clams: Matsu, Danshui River and Longmen, cultured clams: Beimen and Keelung Market) as materials. After inspecting 50 sets of amplified bands of RAPD primers, we selected 6 of them for subsequent analysis as follow-up analysis. These 6 sets of primers could amplify a total of 93 bands, of which 46 polymorphic bands can be analyzed. Using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean) for cluster analysis can divide 76 individuals into three groups. The samples were divided into three groups as the genetic similarity was 0.56, one is Matsu and Danshui river wild clams, the other is 3 Matsu wild clams, and the last group was from the market. Further analysis by Neighbor-Joining (NJ), the samples can be divided into two groups, one group was wild clams (Matsu, Longmen, and Danshui river), and the other was farmed clams (market clams and Beimen clams). Genotyping technology can identify the geographic group of Clams. And it can provide a reference for future breeding to reduce the genetic divergence caused by the closeness of the breeding parents.