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文蛤養殖安全衛生與健康管理之建立

  • 日期:111-10-20
  • 計畫編號:110農科-6.2.5-水-A1(4)
  • 年度:2021
  • 領域:漁業科技研發
  • 主持人:黃淑敏
  • 研究人員:許嘉閔

文蛤為臺灣重要養殖貝類之一,近年來文蛤養殖因氣候變遷及養殖管理等因素,使得產量極不穩定。本研究選定彰化與雲林地區之文蛤養殖場各1場,設置智慧化水質監測系統長期監控現場池塘水質參數、微氣候條件等養殖環境參數,用以探討造成臺灣養殖文蛤異常大量死亡之環境因子與微生物消長之相互關係。水質監測系統收集到超過夏季水溫高於32℃共計94天,分布於5月至10月期間,最高水溫發生於7月36.4℃ (4 p. m.)。水質參數顯示在夏季高溫下,池水溶氧下降速度快,推測可能原因文蛤生理代謝速率與成長速度較快與微生物繁殖與複製速度快,導致水中氧氣消耗快。秋季之後,溶氧最高量延長至下午,夜間下降速度得比較慢,可能原因為入秋後東北季風增強,促進池水攪動增加溶氧進而延緩溶氧下降速度。由例行監測文蛤場採樣之文蛤與池水中分析體內生菌數與弧菌數皆在6、7月最高量,分別為104-105 cfu/mL與103 cfu/mL ;菌項分離後再選定優勢菌進行16S RNA定序分析,結果顯示,採樣之文蛤體內與池水中以弧菌屬(Vibrio spp.)與枯草菌(Bacillus spp.)為多。

研究報告摘要(英)


Hard clams is one of the important cultured shellfish in Taiwan. In recent years, the production of Harsd clams has been extremely unstable due to climate changes and breeding management. In this study, each one clam farm in Changhua and Yunlin was applied the smart water quality monitoring system to monitor the water quality parameters and microclimate conditions in the pond. To explore the relationship between the environmental factors by climate change and caused the fluctuation of the microbial biomass in Taiwanese cultured clams farm. The water quality monitoring system collected a total of 94 days when the water temperature exceeded 32℃ in summer, distributed from May to October. The highest water temperature occurred in July at 36.4℃ (4 p.m.).The water quality parameters show that the dissolved oxygen in the pool water drops rapidly during the high temperature in summer. It is speculated that the possible reasons may be due to the rapid physiological metabolism and growth rate of the clams and the rapid reproduction and replication of microorganisms, resulting in rapid oxygen consumption in the water. After autumn, the maximum amount of dissolved oxygen was extended to the afternoon, and the rate of decline at night was relatively slow. The possible reason was that the northeast monsoon strengthened after the autumn, which promoted the agitation of the pool water to increase the dissolved oxygen and delay the decline of the dissolved oxygen. A survey on monitoring the total plate counts of bacteria and vibrio from the clam and the pool water samples were showed in a high concentration in June and July, which were 104-105 cfu/mL and 103 cfu/mL, respectively. After the bacterial items were isolated, the dominant bacteria were selected for 16S RNA sequencing analysis. The result showed the samples from the clams and pool water are mostly in the genus of Vibrio spp. and Bacillus spp.