農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網

一.台灣西南海拖網漁業之管理研究我國拖網漁業自民國64年推廣作業以來，迄今在沿近海域已是重要的漁業之一，尤其在基隆、蘇澳、高雄、東港等地區均以此漁業為主力漁業，每年均為地方帶來不少之漁獲收益，然由於近年來岸上污染穢水大量排入海中，加上先前拖網船數之大量增加且大型化、高馬力化，加上網目細小等之過度漁獲情況下，造成沿近海漁場之生態環境遭受嚴重破壞，其魚類資源已明顯呈現枯竭及漁場逐漸萎縮之現象，致使今日拖網漁業每況愈下，漁產量逐年持續下降，而對本漁業引起嚴重之存續問題。近年來，國內即有不少學者專家，針對拖網漁業之魚類資源、漁具、漁法等進行研究探討，但至今仍未能有效解決拖網漁業資源及管理繼續惡化之問題。鑒於此，為確切能突破拖網漁業之作業瓶頸，實有對本漁業之近況進行整體通盤的調查與瞭解，然後再做適當的規劃與輔導，因此，對於台灣周邊水域漁業資源之豐度變動趨勢進行瞭解與監測，進而做為今後漁業資源評估管理、資源增殖規劃及漁業行政決策等之參考依據，如此，方能有效再次發展本漁業，使之恢復昔日豐漁之盛況，而朝著資源管理型漁業的方向邁進。本計畫主要分成四大工作項目，即(1)通盤瞭解小型拖網漁業經營現況；(2)漁場分佈結構與漁業資源變動解析；(3)魚類生物特性研究；(4)建立魚類資訊資料庫；(5)綜合檢討。預期將可瞭解台灣西南海域拖網魚類之族群變動關係，而進一步評估魚類資源量，及檢討本漁業之最大持續生產量與適正漁獲努力量，並提供給漁業行政單位做為制定政策的參考資料。二.台灣北部海域中小型拖網漁業資源調查研究本計畫主要是沿著台灣北部沿、近海域進行拖網漁業資源調查，試驗步驟將針對兩方面執行；首先，是蒐集宜蘭縣、台北縣、桃園縣、新竹縣、新竹市、苗栗縣等之主要漁港標本船之漁況資料、並按期蒐購標本魚，俾瞭解該等漁場之空間分布與漁業生物之特性。另一方面，利用「海富」號試驗船於台灣北部自宜蘭灣至竹苗之間海域從事二航次之拖網漁場調查試驗，檢視魚種組成及體長分布，並評估各漁場之特性，期望能於最短期間內，對於台灣北部中、小型拖網漁業資源之變動及生物特性，以及漁場時空分布特性及其變動機制等，能夠有進一步之瞭解。並究明台灣北部中、小型拖網漁船之生產結構與其產出之關係，俾重新整合台灣北部拖網漁業資源並使該漁業在合理科技管控下持續經營。

一.台灣西南海拖網漁業之管理研究The small trawl fishery now has been important in coastal waters off Taiwan since 1975.It was one of the main fisheries in Keelung, Suao, Kaohsiung and Tungkang. But, the demersal fish resources were distinctly exhausted owing to the water pollution andoverfishing. The catchable stocks are gradually decreasing and the fishing conditions oftrawlers are steadily worse.To understand the status of fish resource of small trawl fishery and solve the difficultiesof trawler operation, these experiments were carried out. It is needed to studymonitoring and stock assessment on small trawl fishery resource in the water off Taiwan.These investigated data will provide the fishery administration and will be a basis forestablishing the management policy for small trawl fishery.This program is divided into the following five main subjects: (1) understanding theactual operating state of small trawl fishery, (2) analyzing the construction of fishinggrounds and the change of fishery resources, (3) studying the biological characteristics ofdemersal fishes; (4) establishing the database of the fishes, (5) reviewing the results. It isexpected that this study will be concentrated on assessment effectively of the stock,establishing the productive model of this fishery. The research results will be offered tomanagement regime to develop this fishery of southwestern Taiwan.二.台灣北部海域中小型拖網漁業資源調查研究The main purpose of this project is to understand the results of the fisheries resource andbiological characteristics of demersal fishes by using baby bottom trawler in northernwaters of Taiwan. The experimental methods can be summarized as follows: (1) Basicfishes conditions and the fish specimen data are collected from the chosen commercialfishing boats which had selected from the fishermen association of Taipei county, Yilancounty, Taoyuan county, Hsinchu county, Hsinchu city, Miaoli county, and etc., (2)Comparing with the data collected from the fish market, two cruises of investigation aregoing to carry out by research vessel Hai-Fu to sample the specimen using baby bottomtrawler fishing gear this year.It is expectant to realize the relationship between the structure and the output of thenorthern waters fishery production and to make the baby bottom trawler in northernTaiwan keep going, the biological study such as fish composition, length frequencydistribution, variation of fishery resources, the characteristic of each monitor fishingground and the mechanism of temporal and spatial distribution variation are carried outcompletely in this study.