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台灣西南海域底棲魚類群聚生態調查及其在漁業管理之應用研究

  • 日期:98-04-21
  • 計畫編號:98農科-10.2.1-水-A2(2)
  • 年度:2009
  • 主持人:葉信明
  • 研究人員:陳守仁、吳春基、賴繼昌、黃建智、翁進興、謝泓諺、程嘉諺、陳羿惠、潘惠婉、陳秋月、張麗美

刺鯧的生殖生態研究結果顯示,台灣西南海域刺鯧主要漁場為100~200公尺水深的大陸棚。11~12月刺鯧由台灣海峽北部大量洄游至西南海域並開始向小琉球南部聚集。1月聚集於小琉球南部海域之成魚生殖腺開始發育成熟,生殖腺成熟個體於2月向北洄游至高雄港~梓官海域。3月刺鯧向北洄游離開西南海域。刺鯧的網目選擇性實驗證實,底拖網的袋網網目應逐步放大至70 mm,才能達到資源永續利用的目的。
台灣西南海域距岸3海浬禁拖區調查結果顯示,台灣西南海域距岸3海浬內為大型魚類幼魚及其餌料生物之重要棲息海域。多數鰺類會隨個體的成長,向深水域洄游且離開沿岸。沿岸魚類群聚的個體數及生物量的一半以上為鰏、鯷、發光鯛、七星魚及天竺鯛等小型魚類,這些魚類通常成為大型魚類的食物。目前國內拖網袋網平均尺寸小於2公分的環境及不管制袋網網目尺寸下,拖網作業不止會捕撈大型魚類的幼魚,且大量拖上大型魚類的餌料生物。

研究報告摘要(英)


Psenopsis anomala migate from the northern Taiwan strait into the coastal waters off southwestern Taiwan and started to aggregate in the southern waters of Liouciou in November. The ovaries are started to mature in January, and the female fish with riped ovaries are started to migrate into the coastal waters between Ziguan and Kaohsiung. The abundance of Psenopsis anomala are decreasing off southwastern Taiwan in March. Based on the minimum maturity size of Psenopsis anomala, the 20mm mesh size for bottom trawling should be changed to 70 mm. This would let the immature Psenopsis anomala escape and reduce bycatch, which would contribute to the conservation our resources.
According to trawl fishing survey, More than half of the abundance and biomass of coastal fish assemblages are small fishes, for example Leiognathidae, Engraulidae, Acropomatidae, Myctophidae and Apogonidae, which are important foods for large piscivorous fishes. The others at coastal seas are young fishes of large economic species and they have not yet reached the body length of sexual maturity. The body length of most Carangids has a positive correlation with water depth. As their bodies grow, Carangids start to migrate to deeper seas away from coast. These finding suggests that the current mesh size of 20 mm will catch a lot of immature large piscicorous fish and the important foods for large piscivorous fishes.