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水產種苗研究團隊-優質水產種苗量產技術研發

  • 日期:102-02-05
  • 計畫編號:101農科-11.3.3-水-A1(1)
  • 年度:2012
  • 領域:漁業科技研發領域
  • 主持人:葉信利
  • 研究人員:劉富光、楊順德、葉信利、陳紫媖、齊肖琪、周信佑

點帶石斑種魚85尾其中對照組33尾免疫組52尾,生殖細胞經 nested PCR檢測, 結果均無 NNV感染。免疫組以去活化之NNV病毒經肌肉注射免疫,並於一個月後再追加免疫,於免疫4個月後其抗體OD值為免疫前2倍,顯示疫苗免疫可提高點帶石斑體內之特異性抗體濃度。
褐石斑魚俗稱油斑是種高經濟石斑魚種,具耐低溫之能力,本魚種屬雌雄同體雌性先熟魚種。雌魚卵巢發育自11月之卵母細胞至4月初平均卵徑達660.00 ±201.10um。第一代油斑人工苗,自100年7月之3寸苗成長至目前(100年11月)平均體重619.17±21.07g(178~1322g),活存率為77%。
台灣虹彩病毒 (Grouper Iridovirus of Taiwan, TGIV) 好發於2寸魚苗階段,因此製作主動式不活化TGIV乳化微粒疫苗,分別以豐年蝦攜帶或是吸附於顆粒飼料後施用於養殖現場。以每組650尾的寸半魚苗進行實驗,間隔兩日餵食一次疫苗,餵食三次後 (7×103),每組取20尾進行病毒腹腔注射攻毒試驗。結果疫苗組活存率可提高60%。顯示主動式不活化TGIV乳化微粒疫苗可提供一寸後魚苗的保護並應用於現場。
石斑幼魚主動免疫力尚弱時,以IgY 被動式免疫保護,待體型稍大時再以主動式疫苗保護,此模式於本批原已罹病帶原之魚苗尚能獲得75%育成率,更證實此模式之可行性。
淡水中心所研發成功之新品系雜交吳郭魚,只要1年即可達上市體型,且雄性比率高,是極適合做為推廣養殖的優質品系。本年度生產並配售萬尾100萬5千尾魚苗給業者試養。另培育尼羅與歐利亞魚苗各一批,作為明年度生產用種魚。。
海鱺 (Rachycentron canadum) 生長速率快,活存率高且抗病力強,所以成為現今海水水產養殖業熱門飼養魚種。在近幾年,許多國家已針對海鱺魚苗的大量生產進行研究,但是穩定地飼養健康的海鱺魚苗至可放養到箱網之大小,仍然是現今一大挑戰。本實驗能在80噸圓形水泥池中培育出大量海鱺仔魚,存活率達10%以上,育成密度為517隻/噸水。結果顯示,培育環境條件之照度、微藻種類及濃度、溫度恆定等因子,對培育海鱺仔魚有重要之影響。

研究報告摘要(英)


The aim of this plan is evaluating NNV inactivated vaccine to induce the broodstock to produce the neutralizing antibody. We wish to reduce or block the roe of NNV vertical infection. That vaccination can reduce the risk of vertical transmission of NNV of grouper broodstock. A total of 58 orange spotted grouper,Epinephelus coioides was to evaluate the immune response and protective effect use with inactivated NNV vaccine by intramuscular immune, and boosted immune at one month later. The germ cells was detected by RT-PCR and nested PCR ,results show that vaccine group was no NNV infection, Therefore, the immune broodstock contribute to block the vertical NNV infection.
The longtooth grouper (Epinephelus bruneus) with an ability to endure low temperature is a great potential new species for aquaculture in Taiwan. This species is protogynous hermaphroditic fish. Ovarian (egg diameter 160.00±44.10μm) began to grow since November, and matured to tertiary yolk globule stage (egg diameter 420.83±58.22μm) in March and egg diameter 660.00±201.10μm in May.
For TGIV which easily infected 2-inch fry stage, inactivated TGIV was used to produce active vaccine, and the vaccine was carried by artemia or adsorbed in pellet feed. Each group of 650 larvae per group were vaccine-treated with two day internal. After 3 times treatment, 20 larvae were viral challenge by i.p. Survival rate for vaccine treatd grouper can achieve 60%. The TGIV emulsion vaccine can protective for one-inched larvae in field.
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The new hybrid tilapia, bred by Freshwater Aquaculture Research Center, FRI, can be cultured to marketable size for one year only, with high male ratio, and this strain is very suitable for commercial culture. This year, 1000 thousand fry were produced and sold to 8 farmers. Additionally, the fry of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Blue tilapia (Oreochromis aurea), respectively, were cultured to be selected as broodstock next year.
Cobia, Rachycentron canadium, is one of the most potential sea-cage farmed fish species in Taiwan, due to rapid growth rate, high survival rate and disease resistance. Further improvement of the rearing density of cobia in tank systems during the early stages continues to represent one of the major challenges in the consistent production of weaned fingerlings for scaling to commercial feasibility. This study succeeds to produce a lot volumeof cobia fries and the survival rate is over 10% and larval density is 517/tone-water. It concludes that the environmental factors, including light density, species and concentration of microalgae, constant water temperature, etc., are very important to cobia larvae culture.