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臺灣西南海域海洋水文環境與漁業資源漁場變動監測研究

  • 日期:102-02-08
  • 計畫編號:101農科-14.1.4-水-A1
  • 年度:2012
  • 領域:漁業科技研發領域
  • 主持人:吳龍靜
  • 研究人員:吳龍靜、賴繼昌、吳春基、葉信明、翁進興、黃建智

過去臺灣對於沿近海表中層洄游性魚類在氣候變遷的影響下,漁場遷移與資源量變動的研究已經有相當豐富的研究成果,但對於底棲性魚種受氣候變遷的影響則少有著墨。本研究以廣泛運於水產加工產品的底棲性的魚種-狗母魚為對象,探討1997-2012年共16年間狗母魚在棲地水文環境因子的變動下,其資源量變動情形。
根據結果顯示,臺灣西南海域漁場以花斑蛇鯔(Saurida undosquamis)為最主要的狗母魚漁獲種類,比對水溫、漁期、產卵盛期、漁獲量、CPUE、食性與地理資訊,可知於1-3月份產卵盛期後往較淺之溫暖水域遷移,9月份起再回到較深之水域。而氣候變遷指數SOI、PDO、MEI、棲息深度的溫、鹽因子與狗母魚的資源量變動具有相關性,海表面溫、鹽因子與河川排水量則與狗母魚資源量不相關。由各項氣候變遷因子的變動可知,在反聖嬰現象發生時,有助於狗母魚CPUE的上升,100 m水深的溫度變動與CPUE呈現正相關,與鹽度變動成呈現負相關。推測反聖嬰現象帶來強東北季風有利於垂直水層混合,且營養鹽相對高於黑潮水的南海海水經由澎湖水道湧入,促進狗母魚資源量增加。突發性的水文環境變動-颱風,亦會造成狗母魚資源量的增加。
本研究結果有利於未來在水文環境因子變動的影響下對於此種底棲性水產糧食資源的掌握,預測其變動,並作為因應策略擬定之重要參考依據。

研究報告摘要(英)


An abundance of studies have been done on the shift of fishing grounds and resources of migratory fishes of the ocean surface and middle layer near Taiwan in the past, but only few were done on the bottom dwelling fish species. In this research, the bottom dwelling lizardfishes, which are commonly used for processed sea food products were studied, to understand the shift of its resources during the 15 year period between 1997 and 2011, factoring the climate change index and environment factors of its habitat.
Results show Saurida undosquamis is the main species of the lizardfish caught in the south-western waters of Taiwan. Compare with water temperature, fishing season, spawning peak, landing, CPUE, feeding habits and geographic information, we can find which move to the shallow-warm waters after spawning peak in Jan.- Mar., and move back after September.Climate change index, SOI, PDO, MEI, Temperature and salinity factor at the depth of habitat are relevant to the shift in resources, whereas temperature and salinity of the water surface and river drainage are not. Judging from the variation of each climate change factor, the occurrence of La Niña raises the CPUE of lizardfishes, with a positive correlation with the temperature change, and a negative correlation with salinity at the depth of 100m under sea level.We assume that La Niña will bring strong northeast monsoon, conducive to the vertical mixing of different water layer. And nutrients through the Penghu Channel influx of promote, will increased lizardfishes resources. The sudden changes in the hydrological environment - typhoon will result in the increase in the of lizardfishes resources.
This research will help predict the change of lizardfish resources under the influence of hydrological environment changes in the future and will be critical information for making coping strategies.