農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網農業部-水產試驗所全球資訊網

本試驗探討在20 ℃及30 ℃水溫下，硫酸銅、美舒添、高錳酸鉀、福馬林、碘劑及BKC等六種常用化學物，對鱸鰻 (Anguilla marmorata）苗之急性毒及半致死濃度 (LC₅₀)。結果顯示，六種化學物對鱸鰻苗 96 h之LC₅₀值，在20 ℃時分別為：硫酸銅3.90 ppm、高錳酸鉀1.75 ppm、福馬林146.44 ppm、美舒添5.46 ppm、碘劑0.80 ppm 及BKC 7.02 ppm；在30 ℃時，則分別為硫酸銅3.06 ppm、高錳酸鉀1.65 ppm、福馬林131.46 ppm、美舒添1.41 ppm、碘劑0.69 ppm 及BKC 6.91 ppm。兩個試驗溫度下，由LC₅₀值顯示毒性以碘劑最強，其次在20 ℃依序為高錳酸鉀、硫酸銅、美舒添、BKC、福馬林；在30 ℃依序為美舒添、高錳酸鉀、硫酸銅、BKC、福馬林。在30 ℃水中，毒性都有升高趨勢，其中以美舒添較明顯。由試驗結果顯示，碘劑 50 ~ 200 ppm 作10 ~ 15 min短時間及高錳酸鉀3 ~ 5 ppm作長時間藥浴，在兩種水溫皆不適用於鱸鰻苗。而硫酸銅以8、100及500 ppm 各藥浴30、20及1 min；美舒添以100 ppm藥浴60 min；高錳酸鉀以20 ppm 藥浴20 min；福馬林以200、 250及400 ppm各藥浴60、30及15 min皆可適用。

The aim of this study was to investigate the median lethal concentration (LC₅₀)of six chemicals on swamp eel (Anguilla marmorata) elver under two controlled temperatures, 20 ℃ and 30 ℃. Commonly used concentrations of agents were also examined for swamp eel. Under 20 ℃, the 96 hour LC₅₀ values of copper sulfate, potassium permanganate, formalin, Masoten, iodine preparation and Benzalkonium chloride (BKC) were 3.90, 1.75, 146.44, 5.46, 0.80, and 7.02 ppm, respectively. When temperature was 30oC, their LC₅₀ values were 3.06, 1.65, 131.46, 1.41, 0.69, and 6.91 ppm, respectively. These indicated that the agents were more toxic to the fish at 30 ℃ than at 20 ℃. The relative toxicity of iodine preparation was stronger than the other agents. The relative toxicity of agents was in the following order: potassium permanganate, Masoten, copper sulfate, BKC, and formalin at 20 ℃ and Masoten, potassium permanganate, copper sulfate, BKC, and formalin at 30 ℃. The results also showed that the commonly used concentration of 50-200 ppm iodine preparation for 10-15 min and 3-5 ppm potassium permanganate for long-term exposure were not suitable to swamp eel. Moreover, the exposure duration of 8, 100 and 500 ppm copper sulfate for 30, 20 and 1 min, 100 ppm Masoten for 60 min, 20 ppm potassium permanganate for 20 min, 200, 250 and 400 ppm formalin for 60, 30, and 15 min, respectively were suitable.